Electrical equipment and their effective use

Currently, most people want to learn how to save electricity in everyday life.Energy saving in everyday life is significant, because it does not require special investment, but can be significantly saved

Electrical tariffs are constantly developing.That is why many people try to limit their costs.Now there is a large amount of special information that will help comply with the basic rules of energy consumption culture.If you are interested, then you can read about compensation for reaction power.

Save for public lighting places

Typically, to solve such a problem, you need to put motion sensors.They will help include light only in the necessary stage.If such devices are insured at the entrance, you need to remember that your home will be able to save a significant amount of money.If necessary, you can also save your money significantly.To perform this process, you need to set a semiconductor diode in a rupture.

Now the diode will need to be placed in the circuit breaker.Diode will perform a certain amount of electricity through itself.The voltage will decrease significantly and accordingly, you can save your money significantly.

Save electricity when using household appliances

Electricity in daily life accounts for 9-10% of the total amount of energy needed.And although when using household electrical techniques, the ability to conserve energy (compared to heating and hot water) is limited, but according to the bills you have paid, you find that this energy is related to sugar.When buying household electrical engineering, pay attention to energy consumption, compare different models and manufacturers.

In a family with 4 people 1/5 electricity, it will be interested in everything and clothes.The use of modern technology and changing our habits will save up to 40% of electricity

Save energy in the kitchen

If you plan to use electric water kettle, it is not necessary to fill it at the end.Water must be poured in such quantities is sufficient for a certain period.This must be done so that the kettle does not use more electricity.If you plan to use electric cookers, then you need to remember to save an important tool, you need to choose the dishes that fully correspond to the size of the plate.If you are interested, then you can also read about energy -saving thermostats.

The main directions of energy conservation in everyday life

Depending on the climatic conditions, type and size of the house, the heating system, the available properties of the gas, specific measures to save different resources may vary.But the main directions of increasing energy efficiency in daily life are:

• Save heat.Insulation of walls, ceilings and basements.Replace new windows and doors with old metal or sealed, sealing cracks and holes.Installation of the back of the aluminum leaf heat or thermal reaction screen.Replace cast iron radiator with bimetallic or aluminum.Loggia and balconies.All measures in the complex will help increase the room temperature to 4-5 degrees without increasing the cost of Engir Coiner.
• Save water.Installing water consumption metering equipment.Replace the crane rotating on the mixer with a leverage switch.Check and repair water drainage tanks in toilets, install two -part tanks.Less often take a shower, use more shower.Do not turn on the water with a full stream without much.When shaving and brushing teeth, closing cranes.Use dishwashers and washing machines with relatively adequate loads.In general, water can reduce water 3-4 times.
• Save gas.With an individual gas heating system, all measures to maintain heat and hot water automatically lead to gas saving.When cooking, the use of modern stainless steel dishes with the bottom polished is reasonable.All dishes should be clean and even, corresponding to the size of the burner.Check the adjacent density of Cua Lo so that the hot air does not flow out.Prospects for reducing costs are 2-3 times.

Energy -saving lighting devices

Typically, apartments have long corridors using continuous burning light.To start saving, you need to use incandescent lamps to save energy.These lamps have a long guarantee and so you can definitely save significant money.If you plan to choose enough quality lights, then you should choose a good manufacturer.

In addition, if you have a significant savings plan, then you only need to use light wallpaper.Try not to neglect your natural light in your home.

Energy consumption in everyday life - where can I save?

Of all the energy consumption in daily life, the shares of the Lion - 79% come to the basic heating, 15% of the energy is for thermal processes (water heating, cooking, etc.), 5% of the energy consumes electrical appliances and 1% of energy consumed for lighting, radio and television.

What is 1 kW energy?

You will need 1 kw energy to:

• 50 hours to listen to the radio;
• 110 hours of shaving with an electric forehead;
• At 17 hours, leaving a slight burn 60 watt;
• 12 hours watching color TV;
• 2 hours vacuum;
• Bath 5 minutes;
• Heat at 6 degrees of water (150 l).

Safe work with electricity in everyday life

Electricity has been served for nearly two centuries for nearly two centuries, and from year to year, its role in the life of a modern person has increased.We can also boldly say that the electricity has now invaded most of the most important areas of the life of modern society.

The widely use of relevant electrical energy, first of all, with a relatively simple mechanism to turn it into other types of energy.With the help of a range of heating equipment, a manager to get heat energy to cook or heat the basis.In lighting devices, electrical energy turns into light and with the help of electric motors, we can easily turn the energy of electricity into mechanical energy.

But with all this, it is necessary to constantly remember that behind the harmlessness and simplicity of electricity, a significant threat to human life and health can be hidden.When using different mechanisms to convert electricity, one should not forget in a minute of compliance with preventive measures and safe working methods in the circuits and with household appliances in these circuits.

Significantly complicated the situation where the current cannot see or hear.We can detect the presence of the current in the conductor with the help of measuring devices specifically designed for these purposes.

Therefore, the first condition for the exact use of current energy must be a mandatory compliance with basic rules and techniques to work safely with it.Research on the causes of electricity in daily life shows that these causes are not very diverse and have not changed for decades.

The main cause of electricity in daily life is:

• Violating basic rules and working methods with electricity;
• Operation of defective household appliances;
• carelessly handle electricity settings in personal plot;
• Efforts to fix independent electrical equipment and wiring systems of people who do not have the necessary skills and qualifications.

Need to remember some of the most general rules, compliance will allow you to protect yourself from all kinds of problems that often arise during the operation of household appliances:

1. Very often, the cause of electric shock is destroying the insulation of the wiring (or electricity) in places that can reach them to touch them.For this reason, it is necessary to periodically check the outside of the wiring and check the insulation resistance of its wire and if the insulation violation is detected, take the most urgent measures to restore it.
2. All circuits must be protected from short and overloaded circuits using automatic circuit breaker or smooth insertion parts installed in the corresponding lines (in the distribution shields of the house or apartment).The current settings of these devices must be adjusted so that the protective devices are activated at current exceeding the values set.
3. The operation of the electrical networks can only be with the complete installation factors of the wiring system (sockets, distribution boxes, switches, etc.).
4. The network wire of household electrical equipment in places damaged or decomposes the conductors can be very hot, often the cause of the fire of the wire.Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the service capacity of the wire and forks of the network.
5. Before repairing electrical equipment, it is necessary to turn off this electrical device from the network.But the most optimal solution in this case will be an invitation of a qualified expert, who will eliminate quickly and effectively.
6. It is necessary to carefully monitor the presence of the protection platform of all metal parts and the shell of the electrical installation.The grounding will protect you reliably from electric shock in case of violation of the insulation connecting the wire and when the network voltage appears in the case of electrical equipment.

Actual electricity use time

Almost simultaneously, the theory of electricity starts the actual application history of electricity.In 1809, the British Delaru was building the first incandescent lamp with a tungsten strand.But this lamp is different from modern incandescent lamps, like a wheel from the boat ribs.

65 years have passed until July 11, 1874, Alexander Nikolaevich Lodygin without patent for the first incandescent lamp in a vacuum tank.In general, in this decade of the 19th century, the lamp was invented as hot cakes.

This is the Didrichson lamp (improved Lodygin) and Yablochkov candles (the first light is not necessary to maintain the distance between the electrodes) and the Edison light with a platinum fiber of the incandescent in 1879.

But platinum fibers cannot be used much after Lodygin in 1890 in 1890 of incandescent fibers from fire -resistant materials: Molybdenum and tungsten.The theme of tungsten still illuminates most humanity.

The industrial production of incandescent lamps began in 1905. Industrial production became feasible on the basis of patent No. 34541 of two Hungarians: Sandora Eustor and Frano Hanaman in 1904.

The actual use of electricity not only applies to the light of houses and streets.AC transformers are created, electric motors are created, first operating from direct current, then the asynchronous motor of the alternating current.

But the basis of basic electricity use is the development or production of electricity with power stations.The first power plant is a generator of the transformed energy of the steam machine into electrical energy.

At first, the generator provides electricity to separate factories and seminars.In 1880, the first city power plants began to be built.The first power plant was built in 1882 in New York under the leadership of the same Edison.

Saving with your own help may be a significant amount of money.Let us focus on some simple but effective energy conservation methods in everyday life.

Thermal saving

The insulation of windows and doors allows you to increase the temperature in apartments and houses in 4-5 ° C and abandon the electric fireplace, consuming up to 4000 kW h in the season.There are several simple insulation:

• The crack area in the window and doorway.For this, the foam installation, self -sealed ribbon, silicone and acrylic fillings, etc. are used.As a result, the increase in air temperature in the room is 1-2 degrees;
• Narthex seals of windows and doors with the help of seals and self -adhesive pads.The window seal is made not only around the circumference, but also between the frames.The result is the increase in the temperature of the room 1-3 degrees;
• Installing new plastic or wooden windows with double windows, glass with membrane and ventilation.After that, the room temperature will be stable in the winter and in the summer, the air - fresh, the need to open the window will disappear, throwing a large amount of warm air.As a result, the increase in temperature in the room is 2-5 degrees and reduces the level of street noise;
• Install the second door at the entrance to the apartment (home).The result is an increase in temperature in the room 1-2 degrees, reducing external noise levels and gas content;
• Install the thermal reaction screen (or aluminum leaf) on the rear wall of the heating heat sink.The result is an increase in temperature in the room 1 degrees.Try not to close the radiator with dense curtains, screens, furniture - heat will be distributed more effectively in the room.Replace aluminum cast iron radiator: their heat transfer is 40-50%higher.If the radiator is installed, it is convenient to eliminate, which can be washed regularly, which also helps to increase heat transfer.Light illuminating balconies or loggia is equivalent to installing an additional window.This creates a thermal buffer with an intermediate temperature higher than 10 ° C compared to the street, in serious frost.It is not uncommon for a problem that is not lack of heat, but with its redundancy.The solution will be the installation of heat regulator on the radiator.

Electrical energy saving

Replace conventional incandescent lamps with LEDs.Their service life is 20 times higher than the incandescent lamp, the consumption is 8 times lower.During operation, the light returns 8-10 times.Use local lights when there is no common light.Take a rule, leave the room, extinguish the light.Disconnect devices in standby mode for a long time.TV, computer, music center in waiting for energy consumption from 3 to 10 W ∙ h.During the year, this device, including the remaining chargers in the outlet, will provide additional energy consumption of 200-300 kWh.

Using the technique of energy efficient at least A. Consumption of additional energy for home devices of outdated structures is about 50%.

Do not install the refrigerator next to the gas stove or heating radiator.This increases the energy consumption of a refrigerator by 20-30%.The refrigerator seal must be clean and fit the body and doors.Even a small distance in the seal increases the energy consumption to 20-30%.Cooling to room temperature products before placing in the refrigerator.Do not forget to defrost the refrigerator more often

Do not close the refrigerator radiator, leaving the distance between the wall of the room and the rear wall of the refrigerator so that it can freely cool.

If you have an electric stove in your kitchen, make sure its burners are not deformed and adjacent to the bottom of hot dishes.This will eliminate excessive consumption of heat and electricity.

Do not turn on the stove first and turn it off a bit earlier than necessary to prepare the food.Boil in the kettle as much as you need to use.

Use light colors when decorating the walls of the apartment.Light walls, light curtains, clean windows, reasonable colors reduce the cost of light from 10-15%.

Write the reading of the electric meter and analyze how to reduce electricity consumption.

Turn off or transfer the computer to sleep mode if there is no need to work continuously.With continuous round work -Clock, the computer consumes 7020 kW h per month.If necessary, operate more effectively to use laptops or computers with decreasing energy consumption.Overall, it is possible to reduce 40-50% of electricity consumption without reducing the quality of life and damage to the habit.

Save water

Be sure to install a water meter.This will promote to reduce water flow.Install the leverage switch on the tap instead of the crane.Water saving will be 10-15% plus the convenience of choosing temperature.Do not enable water for adequate pressure.In 90% of cases, a small jet aircraft is quite sufficient, the water consumption decreases 4-5 times.When washing and bathing, turn off the water when not necessary.The shower takes 10 times in the water to accept the bath.Saving significant water occurs when Hai --Reshold drainage tanks are used.It is necessary to carefully check the presence of water leaks from the drainage tank, which occurs due to old accessories.The replacement of accessories is not a very expensive event, but saving water is significant.Through a thin leak, you can take a few cubic meters of water per month.In general, the reduction of water consumption is 4 times - the mission is quite recognized and low.

Save gas

Gas saving is mainly related if the gas meter is installed in apartments, with individual heating spots.In this case, all measures to save heat and hot water lead to gas saving.When cooking, there is also the opportunity to save gas:

• The flame of the burner should not go out of the bottom of the pan, pan, kettle, otherwise you just warm the air in the apartment (save 50% or more);
• The deformed bottom of the dishes leads to a gas that is exceeded 50%;
• The food in which the food is prepared should be clean and not buried.Polluted dishes require more than 4-6 times to cook;
• Using economic dishes, these qualities are often indicated by its manufacturer.The most energy economic products are made of stainless steel with polished base, especially with a copper or aluminum layer.Aluminum and yeast dishes, with teflon coating are not economical;
• Cua Lo must fit the body of the car and do not release hot air.In general, simply using gas to reduce consumption 2 times, the use of proposed measures - about 3 times.

Effective energy for modern society is a axiom.The use of the economy of heat, electricity, water, gas allows you to reduce its own costs and improve the environment on the planet.

Conclusion

The development is relatively not long, but quickly the actual use of electricity, is definitely the greatest achievement of humanity.But regardless of any majestic power plants operating in our country, all are all.For consumers, the main and the family are the electrician of his apartment and home.How to make wiring systems in an apartment and a house, the electricity network is used for domestic needs, how to produce electrical equipment, how to repair a handmaker by your hand.